As the Science paper is only 1 day away, here are some important notes topic by topic.
Do go back to revise through the vocabulary words for each topic as it is important to note the spellings!
[Cells]
Definition: A cell is the simplest/basic unit of life.
There are two types of cell - Animal & Plant
We use a microscope to look at cells. *NOTE THE PARTS and FUNCTIONS of the microscope
There are 5 parts to the plant cell and 3 parts to the animal/human cell.
*NOTE THE SIMILARITIES AND DIFFERENCES BETWEEN the two types of cells.
*NOTE THE PARTS of the ANIMAL and PLANT cells and their FUNCTIONS!!!
Photosynthesis requires the presence of sunlight, carbon dioxide and water. In turn, they produce Oxygen and Glucose (plant sugar)
Hence, the cell part known as the Chloroplast is important for photosynthesis!
There are single-cell organisms such as paramecium, amoeba and yeast.
There are also multi-cell organisms such as giraffe, zebras, etc....
Cells can reproduce through cell division in which it splits itself up into two daughter cells from the given parent cell.
[Family Tree]
Take note that paternal = father's side and maternal = mother's side
A circle represents the female, while a square represents the male.
You need to know how to interpret and draw the family tree.
[Reproduction in Plants]
Plants reproduce to ensure continuity of their own kind, same as animals and humans.
POLLINATION --> FERTILIZATION --> FRUITS --> SEED DISPERSAL --> GERMINATION
Pollination is the transfer of pollen grains from the anther to the stigma.
There can be cross pollination or self pollination.
A FLOWER WITH THE FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE PARTS (Stigma, style, ovary and ovules) can turn into a fruit upon fertilization.
BUT a flower without the female reproductive parts cannot fertilize and turn into a fruit.
TAKE NOTE OF THE PARTS OF THE FLOWER AND THE FUNCTIONS!!!
MALE = Anther + filament
FEMALE = Stigma, style, ovary and ovules.
FERTILIZATION is the fusion of the pollen grains with the egg cell or ovules of the female reproductive parts of the flower.
A NON-FLOWERING plant does not have fertilization and pollination. Instead, they reproduce from spores. E.g Birds' nest fern and fungi.
During germination, the seed coat grows first --> ROOTS --> SHOOT --> SEED LEAVES.
Germination requires air, warmth and water!!!
A plant will always grow towards the sunlight.
Seed dispersal
Seed dispersal is when seeds are carried away from the parent plant either deliberately or accidentally. Often, animals are involved in dispersal, as when ants, squirrels and mice, collect and store seeds (including nuts). If the store is forgotten, or the animal dies, the seeds might germinate. Other animals may eat a plant's fruit and scatter the undigested seeds in their dung. Finally, some seeds are sticky or have hooks that catch on to fur and feathers, so the seed can hitch-hike to a new location. The seeds of some plants are carried by other vectors such as wind and water.
TAKE NOTE OF THE METHODS OF SEED DISPERSAL, the characteristics and examples!!!
Here are the answers for SECTION B of the common test practice paper. please check and do your corrections.
ALL THE BEST STUDENTS!!! =)
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