Term 2 Week 2

Dear all,

[ Learning Points of the Day! ]
- We learn about punctuations. It is important to pen down the correct punctuations in your daily work, especially for your composition writing. Remember the rules of punctuations. It can cost you marks. Hence, it is important we indicate the correct punctuation when needed.

- We learn about formation of words from root words. Words are important. New words are formed all the time with the ever expanding dictionary. Update your knowledge about words by reading widely. Some of you are using good vocabulary words in your composition writing. Keep it up.

- We are coming to an end of the topic of Reprouction in Humans.

All living things reproduce. Reproduction — the process by which organisms make more organisms like themselves — is one of the things that sets living things apart from nonliving things. But even though the reproductive system is essential to keeping a species alive, unlike other body systems it's not essential to keeping an individual alive.

In the human reproductive process, two kinds of sex cells are involved. The male sperm and the female egg or ovum meet in the female's reproductive system to create a new individual. Both the male and female reproductive systems are essential for reproduction

Humans, like other organisms, pass certain characteristics of themselves to the next generation through their genes, the special carriers of human traits. The genes parents pass along to their offspring are what make kids similar to others in their family, but they're also what make each child unique. These genes come from the father's sperm and the mother's egg, which are produced by the male and female reproductive systems.

About the Male Reproductive SystemMost species have two sexes: male and female. Each sex has its own unique reproductive system. They are different in shape and structure, but both are specifically designed to produce, nourish, and transport either the egg or sperm.

Unlike the female, whose sex organs are located entirely within the pelvis, the male has reproductive organs, or genitals, that are both inside and outside the pelvis. The male genitals include:

- the testicles
- the penis

What the Male Reproductive System DoesThe male sex organs work together to produce and release semen into the reproductive system of the female during sexual intercourse. The male reproductive system also produces sex hormones, which help a boy develop into a sexually mature man during puberty.

If a mature egg is in one of the female's fallopian tubes, a single sperm may penetrate it, and fertilization, or conception, occurs.

This fertilized egg is now called a zygote and contains 46 chromosomes — half from the egg and half from the sperm. The genetic material from the male and female has combined so that a new individual can be created. The zygote divides again and again as it grows in the female's uterus, maturing over the course of the pregnancy into an embryo, a fetus, and finally a newborn baby.

Female Reproductive System
The vagina connects with the uterus, or womb, at the cervix (which means neck). The cervix has strong, thick walls. The opening of the cervix is very small (no wider than a straw). During childbirth, the cervix can expand to allow a baby to pass.

The uterus is shaped like an upside-down pear, with a thick lining and muscular walls — in fact, the uterus contains some of the strongest muscles in the female body. These muscles are able to expand and contract to accommodate a growing fetus and then help push the baby out during labor.

At the upper corners of the uterus, the fallopian tubes connect the uterus to the ovaries. The ovaries are two oval-shaped organs that lie to the upper right and left of the uterus. They produce, store, and release eggs into the fallopian tubes in the process called ovulation.

There are two fallopian tubes, each attached to a side of the uterus. Within each tube is a tiny passageway no wider than a sewing needle. At the other end of each fallopian tube is a fringed area that looks like a funnel. This fringed area wraps around the ovary but doesn't completely attach to it. When an egg pops out of an ovary, it enters the fallopian tube. Once the egg is in the fallopian tube, tiny hairs in the tube's lining help push it down the narrow passageway toward the uterus.

When a baby girl is born, her ovaries contain hundreds of thousands of eggs, which remain inactive until puberty begins.

Toward the end of puberty, girls begin to release eggs as part of a monthly period called the menstrual cycle. Approximately once a month, during ovulation, an ovary sends only ONE tiny egg into one of the fallopian tubes.

Dear all,

Hope this presents a clearer summary for this topic. Parents, do take the time to also explain to your kids. This is also part of sexuality education which the students of primay 5 will receive later in the year. Remember that this topic is sensitive and we do not laugh or make fun of the terms.

Rest well and see you all tomorrow,
Sincerely,
Mr Nelson Ong